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Dec 1958

Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 601-652

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Steady-State Theory at Chicago

Richard Schlegel

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 601 | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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In papers published in 1918 and 1925 W. D. MacMillan suggested that the universe maintains a steady state in its large-scale astronomical features, as a result of a balance between matter-to-energy conversion in stellar interiors and creation of atoms from radiant energy in empty space. No mechanism for the atom-creation process in space was suggested. R. A. Millikan used the MacMillan theory as a basis for a theory of the origin of cosmic rays, but in a few years' time accumulating evidence made that theory untenable, and interest in the MacMillan theory then also dropped. Similarities between the MacMillan and Bondi-Gold-Hoyle steady-state theories are noted.

Graphical Analysis of the Moment of Inertia Experiment

F. W. Van Name, Jr.

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 605

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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A graphical method for eliminating the effect of friction in the moment of inertia experiment is described. A typical set of data is presented. The improvement in accuracy obtained by this method is shown, as compared to the value obtained when friction is neglected.

Elementary Experiment in Deriving an Empirical Relationship

Francis T. Worrell and Malcolm Correll

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 607

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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The experiment described in this paper is intended to illustrate to the student the process of empirical formulation, which is an important step in the development of a physical theory. The physical system used is a bar pendulum pivoted at its upper end. Bars of various lengths are available for a study of the effect of length on period. The results are plotted in various ways, and the law of the system determined.

A Few More Words about Units

Robert L. Mooney

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 614

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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The importance of presenting the subject of units and dimensions in a clear and rigorous fashion is herein re-emphasized in an informal manner in the hope that the comments and observations of the author will be considered further by conscientious teachers of physics in secondary schools and in colleges.

Newton and the Cause of Gravity

Melbourne G. Evans

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 619

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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Newton attempted to explain the force of gravity on two hypotheses: the existence of a medium, or ether, and action at a distance. The first hypothesis he rejected as being physically absurd, the second as contrary to reason. Newton had, therefore, no theory of gravity. However, his long and sustained effort to understand gravity was not without at least one serious consequence. For involvement in the ether theory obscured from Newton the universal character of the inverse-square relation, and delayed for twenty years his final formulation of the law of gravity.

Induced Rocking

John Satterly

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 625

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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Circular objects such as disks fitted with central spindles rest on a horizontal table in inclined positions which are in neutral equilibrium. If the disk is loaded eccentrically with a small body the disk will rest in stable equilibrium when that body is in its lowest position. If the whole is displaced to one side and released it will rock to and fro about that position. Theory and experiment are applied to find how the period of the rocking motion depends on the dimensions of the disk, spindle, and affixed body, the inclination of the spindle to the horizontal, and the masses and moments of inertia of disk, spindle, and affixed body. The expression found for the length L of the equivalent simple pendulum is L = I cosρma, where I is the total moment of inertia of disk, spindle, and affixed body about the line joining the points of contact of the spindle and the disk with the table, ρ is the angle of inclination of the spindle to the horizontal, m is the mass of small affixed body, and a is the distance of the center of this body from the axis of the disk and spindle.

Radio Propagation Research at the National Bureau of Standards

F. W. Brown

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 628

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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The Central Radio Propagation Laboratory is the central agency of the U. S. Government for obtaining, analyzing, and disseminating information on the propagation of radio waves at all frequencies along the surface of the earth, in the atmosphere, and in the space. In order to carry out its responsibility, this Laboratory conducts research on the nature of radio waves, the nature of the media through which radio waves are transmitted, the interaction of the waves with the media, and the nature of radio noise and interference effects. This article describes some of that research and summarizes the historical background leading to the present framework for carrying out the research. To the best of the author's knowledge, no completely comprehensive general summary of the Laboratory's history, objectives, and research programs has previously been published.

Thomson Atom

Henry Zatzkis

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 635

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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The historical development leading up to the Rutherford-Bohr model of the atom is briefly surveyed. The atomic model, suggested by J. J. Thomson before Rutherford's model, is investigated. The quantization shows that the bound states bear a marked resemblance to those of the hydrogen atom. However, the states are in general nondegenerate. Thus, the Thomson atom could not have survived the spectroscopic evidence even if no Rutherford scattering experiments had been performed.
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One Good Tern Deserves Another

Richard M. Sutton

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 639 | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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Plane Rotator in a Stark Field

Manuel Schwartz and Michel Martin

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 639

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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Measurement of Galvanometer Resistance

Bernard L. Miller

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 640

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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Simple Pulse-Height Analyzer for Instructional Use

George E. Bradley

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 641

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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Modification of a One-Inch Globe Valve for Vacuum Use

Donald D. Snyder

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 642

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Systematic Scaling of Grades

Donald H. White

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 643

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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Demonstration of Sputnik

Julius Sumner Miller

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 644

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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Elliptic Orbits in a Frictional Atmosphere

D. G. Parkyn

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 644

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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Use of Synthetic Materials to Demonstrate Some Effects Caused by Electrostatic Fields

Leonard Eisner

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 644

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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Introductory Physics on Films: Section on Atomic Physics

F. E. Throw, Reviewer

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 647

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Introductory Physics on Films: Section on Electronics

Robert H. Randall, Reviewer

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 648

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Introductory Physics on Films: Section on Quantum Optics

Rosalie C. Hoyt, Reviewer

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 649

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Introductory Physics on Films: Section on Nuclear Physics

F. E. Throw, Reviewer

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 649

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Basic Physics

A. R. Meetham, Author and Sheldon Brown, Reviewer

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 650

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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Electrical Discharges in Gases

F. M. Penning, Author and D. J. Rose, Reviewer

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 651

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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The Elements of Classical Thermodynamics

A. B. Pippard, Author and E. Creutz, Reviewer

American Journal of Physics -- December 1958 -- Volume 26, Issue 9, pp. 651

Online Publication Date: Jul 2005

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